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Story Behind the Anthem: Chile

Chile’s original national anthem was ten verses long, and was written by Bernardo de Vera y Pintado in 1819.  Its music was composed by Manuel Robles.  This anthem was played for the first time on August 20th, 1820 at the Domingo Arteaga theatre.  However, the Chilean minister in London, Mariano Egaña, was receiving criticism in England for the anthem’s musical composition.  As a result, Egaña asked Ramón Carnicer in 1828 to create a new composition, which made its premier in the same theatre on December 28th of that year.

In 1846, the lyrics of the anthem were changed because its words contained anti-Spanish sentiments.  The government then asked Eusebio Lillo Robles to rewrite the anthem.  Lillo’s anthem is 6 verses, but he kept the chorus from the original anthem.  The chorus and the fifth verse were sung as the official national anthem of Chile.

In 1973, under Augusto Pinochet’s military rule, the third verse of the anthem, which glorified the army, was added to the official national anthem.  It was common for some citizens to refuse to sing this verse as protest.  Finally, it was removed from the anthem in 1990 when democracy was restored, and the anthem is now sung once again as it was before the coup.  Citizens who are supporters of the past military government still sing the third verse in private ceremonies.

(Beneath the video are the lyrics to the six-verse anthem) 


(Coro)

Dulce Patria, recibe los votos
Con que Chile en tus aras juró
Que o la tumba serás de los libres
O el asilo contra la opresión.

I
Ha cesado la lucha sangrienta;
ya es hermano el que ayer invasor;
de tres siglos lavamos la afrenta
combatiendo en el campo de honor.
El que ayer doblegábase esclavo
libre al fin y triunfante se ve;
libertad es la herencia del bravo,
laVictoria se humilla a sus pies.

II
Alza, Chile, sin mancha la frente;
conquistaste tu nombre en la lid;
siempre noble, constante y valiente
te encontraron los hijos del Cid.
Que tus libres tranquilos coronen
a las artes, la industria y la paz,
y de triunfos cantares entonen
que amedrenten al déspota audaz.

III
Vuestros nombres, valientes soldados,
Que habéis sido de Chile el sostén,
nuestros pechos los llevan grabados;
Los sabrán nuestros hijos también.
Sean ellos el grito de muerte
que lancemos marchando a lidiar,
y sonando en la boca del fuerte
hagan siempre al tirano temblar.

IV
Si pretende el cañón extranjero
nuestros pueblos osado invadir;
desnudemos al punto el acero
y sepamos vencer o morir.
Con su sangre el altivo araucano
nos legó por herencia el valor;
y no tiembla la espada en la mano defendiendo deChile el honor.

V
Puro, Chile, es tu cielo azulado,
puras brisas te cruzan también,
y tu campo de flores bordado
es la copia feliz del Edén.
Majestuosa es la blanca montaña
que te dio por baluarte el Señor,
Y ese mar que tranquilo te baña
te promete futuro esplendor.

VI
Esas galas, ¡oh, Patria!, esas flores
que tapizan tu suelo feraz,
no las pisen jamás invasores;
con tu sombra las cubra la paz.
Nuestros pechos serán tu baluarte,
con tu nombre sabremos vencer,
o tu noble, glorioso estandarte,
nos verá combatiendo caer.

 

About Cindy Tovar

Born in Flushing, Queens to Colombian parents, Cindy has always loved reading and writing. For this reason, she entered Montclair State University to pursue an English degree, but instead fell in love with and graduated with a B.A. in Psychology. During her time at Montclair State, Cindy joined the Latin American Student Organization (LASO) on campus. She immediately felt comfortable surrounded by peers that shared both love and pride for the Latino culture, something she had never experienced before. She ultimately became president of LASO. Since then, Cindy has earned her M.S. Ed. in Early Childhood Special Education from Bank Street College, and works as a bilingual Special Education preschool teacher in Brooklyn. Despite feeling exhausted by the time she reaches her New Jersey home, she still uses her spare time to write. Joining the Being Latino family is one of the best things that has happened to Cindy because it fulfills her in two ways: She can write to her heart’s content while reaching an engaging audience, and it helps her stay connected to her Latino culture. You can find more of Cindy’s writing on her personal blogs: Dagny’s Dichotomy, and Cindy’s Chronicles.

Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the author and should not be understood to be shared by Being Latino, Inc.

Comments

  1. Puro Chile es tu cielo azulado…….. Our beautiful anthem;thanks for sharing !!

  2. Que viva Chile … here’s how the anthem is sung …inspiring .. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SvkVX99nBUc

  3. Gave me goose bumps.

  4. Leyla Singh says:

    Viva Chile!

  5. Sonia V Diaz says:

    august 20 1820

  6. the lyrics of the anthem were changed because its words contained anti-Spanish sentiments.

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